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CAT 2018 Slot 1 VARC Question & Solution

Reading ComprehensionEasy

Question

The passage given below is followed by four summaries. Choose the option that best captures the author’s position.

Artificial embryo twinning is a relatively low-tech way to make clones. As the name suggests, this technique mimics the natural process that creates identical twins. In nature, twins form very early in development when the embryo splits in two. Twinning happens in the first days after egg and sperm join, while the embryo is made of just a small number of unspecialized cells. Each half of the embryo continues dividing on its own, ultimately developing into separate, complete individuals. Since they developed from the same fertilized egg, the resulting individuals are genetically identical.

Options

Artificial embryo twinning is low-tech and mimetic of the natural development of genetically identical twins from the embryo after fertilization.
Artificial embryo twinning is low-tech and is close to the natural development of twins where the embryo splits into two identical twins.
Artificial embryo twinning is low-tech unlike the natural development of identical twins from the embryo after fertilization.
Artificial embryo twinning is just like the natural development of twins, where during fertilization twins are formed.

Solution

The author mentions that artificial embryo twinning is 'low tech' to introduce the topic. Then, he explains how the process is exactly similar to the process of development of twins. He states that the process mimics the natural development of twins. He has not highlighted any of the differences between the 2 processes. 

Let us evaluate the options.
Option C states that artificial embryo twinning is 'low tech' unlike the natural development of twins. The author makes no such comparison in the paragraph and hence, option C can be eliminated. 

Option D states that the twins are formed during fertilization but the paragraph mentions that the twins are formed after the process of fertilization (i.e, after the sperm and the egg join). 

Option B fails to capture the fact that the twins are 'genetically' identical. Also, it states that the artificial twinning process is 'close to' the natural development of twins. Though this option is not incorrect, option A is worded in a better way. Option A states that the process is mimetic of the natural development of the twins (emphasizing that no difference has been highlighted), the twins are genetically identical and the process is similar to the process of development of twins after fertilization. Therefore, option A is the right answer.