CAT 2020 Slot 2 QA Question & Solution
Modern MathHard
Question
How many 4-digit numbers, each greater than 1000 and each having all four digits distinct, are there with 7 coming before 3?
Solution
Here there are two cases possible
Case 1: When 7 is at the left extreme
In that case 3 can occupy any of the three remaining places and the remaining two places can be taken by $\text{(0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9)}$
So total ways 3(8)(7)= 168
Case 2: When 7 is not at the extremes
Here there are 3 cases possible. And the remaining two places can be filled in 7(7) ways.
(Remember 0 can't come on the extreme left)
Hence in total $3(7)(7)$ = 147 ways
Total ways $168 + 147 = \boxed{\text{315 ways}}$
